Following the collapse of Yugoslavia after Tito’s death, Bosnia and Herzegovina was drawn into a war (1992–1995) that became one of the deadliest in Europe since World War II. The 1995 Dayton Peace Accords, brokered by the United States, ended the conflict and established a complex, fragile institutional framework designed to balance Serbs, Croats and Bosniaks. Today, the country remains divided into two entities and constrained by political deadlock, economic hardship and high emigration, while deep social divisions and the enduring legacy of the war continue to shape public life.
